It is also a fuel option that comes with its own unique set of risks. These fuel cells offer a better overall fuel economy. Whereas coal, fossil fuels, and other energy sources create greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen combustion results solely in heat and water. Advantages and disadvantages find, read and cite all the research you need on. Pdf biofuels from vegetable oils as alternative fuels. The role of hydrogen and fuel cells in the global energy system. The refueling of the battery systems can also take several hours, rather than a few minutes with a conventional vehicle cv. Fuel cell seminar report with ppt and pdf study mafia. It holds promise for growth in both the stationary and transportation energy sectors. Hydrogen has three basic benefits that address these concerns. While many of the advantages of hydrogen fuel are clear, the disadvantages must be noted as well.
Mar 28, 2020 to be considered truly pollution free, the hydrogen needs to be extracted from sources other than natural gas, and the power used to perform the process should also renewable. What are the disadvantages of burning hydrogen answers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen, rather than diesel, as a fuel for buses. Expensive to manufacture due the high cost of catalysts platinum lack of infrastructure to support the distribution of hydrogen.
When hydrogen is combined with oxygen in a fuel cell, energy in the form of electricity is produced. Fuel cells have various advantages compared to conventional power sources, such as internal combustion engines or batteries. Producing hydrogen fuel cells doesnt release pollution either, provided that renewable sources such as water or solar energy are used in the production process. The advantages and disadvantages of liquid hydrogen. Fuel cell seminar report with ppt and pdf parts of fuel cells there are 4 main parts anode cathode catalyst proton exchange membrane types of. If truth be told, there are very minor disadvantages of liquid hydrogen that can be easily improved as the years go on. If you are thinking about purchasing a vehicle of this type, speak to the manufacturer of the disadvantages of hydrogen fuel cells. Students can work as a pair or alone to work out the answers. Fuel cells combine a fuel usual hydrogen in some form with an oxidizing agent usually oxygen. But in this case, only, the availability of hydrogen as a chemical raw material is dominant. Before wide scale use of hydrogen fuel can be accomplished, key.
Hydrogen fuel can provide motive power for liquidpropellant rockets, cars, trains, boats and airplanes, portable fuel cell applications or stationary fuel cell applications, which can power an electric motor. What are the advantages of using hydrogen as a fuel. Hydrogen is the simplest element because it consists of a single electron and proton. Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen peroxide use. The main disadvantage is its extremely low density. Lack of infrastructure to support the distribution of hydrogen.
Oct 20, 2016 hydrogen h2 is extremely useful, and in other ways besides use in fuel. If hydrogen is used an emission free fuel, its role is that of a secondary energy. Ammoniaa renewable fuel made from sun, air, and water. Pros and cons of alternative fuels consumer reports. The biggest challenge not how to use it, store it, transport it, etc. Natural gas methane, or ch 4 is the source of 95 percent of u. A fuel cell is a device that generates electricity by a chemical reaction. Hydrogen as an energy carrier koninklijke vlaamse academie van. Along with hybridelectric and allelectric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell systems are a popular subject of discussion. The hype about hydrogen issues in science and technology. The advantages and disadvantages of the candidate fuel cell systems and the various fuels are. Why battery packs are winning over hydrogen fuel cells.
Hydrogen fuel cell definition, production, advantages. Research is being carried out into the use of hydrogen, instead of diesel, as a fuel for buses. Because gaiax was not gasoline, it was a tax free object of the gas tax of japan. This question was originally answered on quora by michael barnard. Extraction of the energy proton exchange membrane fuel. A comparison of hydrogen and propane fuels brochure. Dec 16, 2019 11 big advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen fuel cells dec 16, 2019 jun 4, 2015 by green garage hydrogen is an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, and they can be used to power just about any machine needing energy. The reactions that produce electricity take place at the electrodes. Guide essay buying guide guide avoiding essay scams free apa referencing tool free harvard referencing tool. The core of the research concerns the advantages of hydrogen and the current progress related to the disadvantages of hydrogen as a transportation fuel. Also, burning or reacting hydrogen with oxygen runs electric motors and. The main sources of fuels are coal and petroleum oils etc.
The alkaline fuel cell afc is a very efficient fuel cell that requires pure hydrogen fuel and pure oxygen. Hydrogen can be produced from carbonfree or carbonneutral energy sources or from fossil fuels with co2 capture and. Sherpas 33 08 hydrogen energy and fuel cells a vision of our future contents rain clouds gather a sustainable hydrogen economy for transport. The burning of hydrocarbons contribute to the green house effect and other environmental issues such as acid rain, destruction of natural areas such as the rain forest in search of more oilfossil fuel deposits. The elimination of pollution caused by fossil fuels when hydrogen is used in a fuel cell to create power, it is a completely clean technology. Jul 19, 2017 as such hydrogen has an important role in the future as a replacement for imported petroleum, used currently in cars and trucks, but it has the following disadvantages 1 although hydrogen cells are being used to power hybrid cars, its still not a feasible source of fuel for everyone. What are the cons and pros of using hydrogen to generate electricity. Fossil fuels are still needed in order to separate the atoms of the hydrogen and oxygen and actually generate hydrogen fuel, fossil fuels are needed. Safety depends on the applied concentration, because hydrogen peroxide is completely water soluble.
The usage of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies will affect. The advantages and disadvantages of alternative fuels are debated in the editorial pages of major newspapers in the united states and worldwide every day. The announcement of a hydrogen fuel initiative in the presidents 2003 state of the union speech subst. In the hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen and oxygen react to form water as a byproduct.
However, as a result, the use of gaiax came to be considered an act of smuggling in japan by the government. High efficiency when utilizing cogeneration, fuel cells can attain over 80% energy efficiency. Other fuel sources such as hydrogen would require the creation of distribution networks and technology with accompanying establishment costs. If the earth is really going to run out of coal, oil and gas in the years to come, what are the leading candidates for shepherding world society into a new, alternative energy economy. Currently, it still costs a considerable amount of money to run a hydrogen vehicle because it takes a large amount of energy to liquefy the fuel. Transitions to alternative transportation technologies. Yeah, hydrogen is here, but it is all bound up with other atoms. Table 5 advantages and disadvantages of compression technologies. Hydrogen use objectives at the completion of this module, the technician will understand. Hydrogen fuel cell hfc technology offers a clean and reliable alternative energy source to customers in a growing number of applications electric vehicles including forklifts, delivery vans and cars, primary and backup power for a variety of commercial, industrial and residential buildings, and more futuristicsounding applications like drones and mobile phone recharging. If youre fueling a rocket, hydrogen is the most efficient chemical rocket fuel. Nov 10, 2012 hydrogen as a fuel has a extremely high btu value, does not emit nitrogen or sulfur oxides and burns very hot. There is no worry about running out of hydrogen anytime soon, unlike fossil fuels and other non renewable resources. Fuel of the future rachel chamousis abstract hydrogen is an energy carrier that can transform our fossilfuel dependent economy into a hydrogen economy, which can provide an emissions free transportation fuel.
Using an energy carrier that is carbon free which hydrogen. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells pemfc jens oluf jensen summer school on materials for the hydrogen society, reykjavik, june 19. This page contains fuel cell seminar and ppt with pdf report. That means it is also the most plentiful element that we know of in the universe today. Hydrogen has been hailed as the key to a clean energy future primarily because it can be produced from. Because hydrogen fuel cells are an emission free fuel source, are more efficient than current fossil fuel sources, and have the possibility to create a diversified energy economy, more investments need to be made in this budding technology. This completely defeats the purpose of an alternative energy source. Apr 24, 2017 in recent years, several options have emerged for powering car without using fossil fuels. Thus we discussed hydrogen fuel and its importance and uses for the common man.
Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen as a fuel for fcvs. Interestingly enough, hydrogen doesnt actually occur naturally on our planet as a gas. There are also no environmental dangers like oil spills to worry about with hydrogen. There is no worry about running out of hydrogen anytime soon, unlike fossil fuels and. Clearly, hydrogen is less of a pollutant in the air because it omits little tail pipe pollution. What advantages do battery packs have over hydrogen fuel. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this hydrogen. Hydrogen as an alternative fuel for transportation energianews. Size reduction fuel cells are significantly lighter and more compact. Despite the expectations the truth is that the fuel cells present advantages and disadvantages from their use and even in the manufacture. As a result, hydrogen is a much better fuel for the environment. Advantages and disadvantages of fuel cells lorecentral.
Jul 27, 2018 get 2 months of skillshare for free using this link. Pdf an overview of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel researchgate. Fuel cells are considered to be future energy and a very promising technology. The role of hydrogen and fuel cells in the global energy. One of the primary advantages of hydrogen as a fuel is its abundance. What are the pros and cons of using hydrogen to generate.
However, the advantages of this proposed hydrogen economy is dependent on the use of clean, renewable resources as the source of electricity. Hydrogen production technologies the hydrogen economy. Very thin membranes increase flux but they are harder to fabricate defectfree. A lot of the currently available fuel cell technology is in the prototype stage and not yet validated. Electrolysis of water is deemed to be the cleanest route tothe production of hydrogen. When hydrogen is burned, the only emission it makes is water vapor, so a key advantage of hydrogen is that when burned, carbon dioxide co2 is not produced. However, hydrogen has both distinct advantages and disadvantages as a fuel. The problems of using hydrogen fuel in cars arise from the fact that hydrogen is difficult to store in either a high pressure tank or a cryogenic tank. Let us hope that this fuel would soon be used in our households in an economical manner over the coming years. The disadvantages and advantages of hydrogen fuel cells show us that the emission free nature of this technology is worth a closer look. On burning hydrogen, it emits only water vapour, when hydrogen is burned it does not produce carbon dioxide. The advantages of using hydrogen fuel cells are that they are an alternative fuel to fossil fuels, like coal, oil and gas.
According to a 2002 analysis for the national renewable energy laboratory by dale simbeck and elaine chang, the cost of producing and. Compared to diesel or gas, hydrogen is much more fuel efficient as it can produce more energy per pound of fuel. Hydrogen fuel cells the fuel of the future environmental. Hydrogen energy and fuel cells european commission. The disadvantages and advantages of hydrogen fuel cells show us that it can be a versatile fuel option for many industries. Negm and others published biofuels from vegetable oils as alternative fuels. High level group on hydrogen and fuel cells technologies 32 annex ii high level group on hydrogen and fuel cells technologies. Benefits of the hydrogen economy hydrogen energy center. This means that if a car is fueled by hydrogen, it can go farther than a vehicle loaded with the same amount of fuel but using a more traditional source of energy. Therefore, the size of a gasoline tank is three times less the amount, compared to a liquid hydrogen tank. Articles advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen peroxide use. Contrary to other chemical substances, hydrogen peroxide does not produce residues or gasses.
Although some of the fuel cells attributes are only valid for some applications, most advantages are more general. Dec 10, 2011 card sort on the advantages of fuel cells, as opposed to conventional batteriews and fuel used within a car. Therefore, the advantages of the hydrogen economy include. It is usually made of an asbestosbased material, and tends to break apart above 176. If we ran out of fossil fuels we would no longer be able to produce hydrogen energy.
Types of alternative fuels include biodiesel, electricity, methanol and ethanol, hydrogen, natural gas, propane and new fuels still under development, called emerging fuels. Download table advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen as a fuel for fcvs from publication. Because it is such a high energy resource, nasa has used liquid hydrogen as a fuel since the 1970s. Alternative fuels is a name given to a specific group of fuel sources in 1992 by the united states department of energy. This is due to hydrogen s low molecular mass and high combustion temperature. This means h2 is an inefficient use of energy and will never be a serious fuel. Businesses that operate within the fossil fuel industry also receive subsidies so that they can continue providing energy products to consumers at reasonable costs. Gaiax was developed in south korea, and imported by japan. Many governments tend to subsidize the price of fossil fuels instead of letting the free market govern what they tend to be. For hydrogen fuel cells, there is a potential risk of flammability and liquid hydrogen can cause freeze burns, but the other risks are not as severe.
The overall energy efficiency of the steam ch 4 reforming process the ratio of the energy in the hydrogen output to the energy in the natural gas fuel input is about 70 percent. A comparison of hydrogen and propane fuels deflagration and detonation during combustion, flames can propagate through a flammable fuel air mixture as either a deflagration or a detonation, depending on a complex interaction among factors such as the composition of the gas mixture, the ignition source and energy, the geometry. Advantages of hydrogen power vehicles that run on hydrogen fuel are environmental friendly i. Once produced, hydrogen generates electrical power in a fuel cell, emitting only water vapor and warm air. Ammoniaa renewable fuel made from sun, air, and watercould power the globe without carbon. Now we are looking at the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen fuel cells to see if they would be useful in other vehicles or situations. Hydrogen power technology advantages and disadvantages. Hydrogen fuel advantages and disadvantages renewables. Hydrogen fuel cells can be produced from renewable resources, such as solar energy or water. Currently hydrogen fuel is made from nonrenewable natural gas in a process that creates enormous co2 emissions. Hydrogen can be produced from diverse domestic resources with the potential for nearzero greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen is expensive to produce and not widely available. It uses an aqueous waterbased electrolyte solution of potassium hydroxide koh in a porous stabilized matrix.
Electrical current is produced when electrons are freed during the process, which is clean, quiet, and more efficient than burning fuels. Hydrogen can be produced from carbon free or carbonneutral energy sources or from fossil fuels with co2 capture and. Fuel cells have a higher efficiency than diesel or gas engines. Advantages and disadvantages of diesel single and dual fuel engines. One of the most heralded benefits of hydrogen is that it is a cleanburning fuel. Pdf advantages and disadvantages of diesel single and dual. And if that wasnt enough, hydrogen fuel is about three times more efficient than gasoline source.
The advantages and disadvantages of liquid hydrogen liquid. If these goals are met, hydrogen fueled cars can provide a relatively clean, pollution free method of transportation. Government policy will be briefly referenced, but not detailed. Hydrogen h2 is extremely useful, and in other ways besides use in fuel. This electricity can be used to power vehicles, as a heat source and for many other uses. The picture that emerges is one of qualified promise. As such hydrogen has an important role in the future as a replacement for imported petroleum, used currently in cars and trucks, but it has the following disadvantages 1 although hydrogen cells are being used to power hybrid cars, its still not a feasible source of fuel for everyone. Available and renewable one of the biggest reasons that hydrogen is such a great choice for power is because of the abundance of it. Get an answer for what are the advantages of fuel cells. Why battery packs are winning over hydrogen fuel cells for both cars and energy. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. I made an off hand comment about adding efficiencies in the vid. Hydrogen and fuel cells have arguably suffered a lost decade after high.
So what are the advantages and disadvantages of the. Benefits and disadvantages fuel cells university of. Based on the current researches it certainly looks like the main disadvantage of hydrogen as the clean fuel, namely the hydrogen production, is one obstacle that science should overcome in years to come. It would require high levels of research investment and continued innovation in existing sectors for it to become an affordable option for everyone. Cars that are blends with fuel cells and gasoline will never have to worry about being stranded. Hydrogen fuel cells can be produced without emissions.
Hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using. The first alcohol fuel in japan began with gaiax in 1999. This work presents a perspective on the production and use of hydrogen as an automotive fuel. It can be extracted from natural gas or water and is present in a number of other chemical. Jun 03, 2012 if truth be told, there are very minor disadvantages of liquid hydrogen that can be easily improved as the years go on. Every fuel cell has two electrodes, one positive and one negative, called, respectively, the anode and cathode.
More detailed information is available in the applications section, which offers information specific to each industry. Fuels and earth science sixmark questions sample exam. Pdf introduction the two most important environmental hazards faced by. In fact, hydrogen is the most abundant element on earth. Afcs have been used in the us space program since the 1960s to produce electricity and fresh water for spacecraft.
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